Synchronising Bus Bunching to the Spikes in Service Demand Reduces Commuters’ Waiting Time

Bus bunching is ostensibly regarded as a detrimental phenomenon in bus systems. We study loop with two stops, one regular stop and spike stop, where bunched buses can outperform staggered buses. The models connected to train or metro service, passengers arrive groups at periodic intervals (spikes). introduce the configuration of synchronised buses, wait for demand. For wide range parameters, perfectly terms minimising waiting time commuters. present an analytical formulation average case consideration different passenger demands, number capacity. demonstrate validity our results through agent-based simulation system.